59 results
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Workup Step #1 ... history Step #2 ... #Management #Algorithm ... #Sodium #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... renal mechanism 2) ... insipidus (central or nephrogenic ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
output is a clue). 1) ... water unavailable 2) ... ([Na] / 140) - 1) ... #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... water retention 1) ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Workup Step 1 ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Cyanide Toxicity 
Treatment:
1) Hydroxocobalamin + Cyanide = Cyanocobalamin (nontoxic) 
   or 
2) Amyl nitrite
: 1) Hydroxocobalamin ... nontoxic) or 2) ... Amyl nitrite - causes ... binds cyanide - Sodium ... Pathophysiology #Management
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
1) Is it hypotonic ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... the underlying cause ... #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Hypertonic Saline for Treatment of Hyponatremic Encephalopathy
1) 100 ml bolus of 3% NaCl over 10 min.
Encephalopathy 1) ... L in the first 1- ... sodium should be ... #management #protocol ... #hyponatremia
Treatment of hyperkalemia via kaliuresis 
step 1 = volume resuscitation if hypovolemic
step 2 = consider fludrocortisone
step
kaliuresis step 1 ... hypovolemic step 2 ... hyperkalemia #kaliuresis #management ... diuretics #diuresis #nephrology ... #algorithm
Algorithm for Evaluation and Treatment of Asymptomatic Candiduria
Evidence for disseminated candidiasis, Unstable or neutropenic patient
1. fluconazole
and Treatment of ... candidiasis, Unstable or neutropenic ... patient 1. fluconazole ... 400-800mg iv/d 2. ... #Diagnosis #Management