13 results
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
- DI, Central Dl ... DI, Nephrogenic ... Classification #Features #Diagnosis ... #Comparison #Table ... #Nephrology
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Management #Algorithm ... #Sodium #nephrology ... #insipidus #DI
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... insipidus • Nephrogenic ... #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Differential Diagnosis ... urine osm (in DI ... Diabetes Insipidus: neurogenic ... #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... insipidus (central or nephrogenic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Neurological event 2) Sodium ... Pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #nephrology #hyponatremia ... #comparison
Shock and Vasoactive Drugs 
1) Determine type and etiology of shock
 • Distributive: Sepsis, Anaphylaxis, Neurogenic
, Anaphylaxis, Neurogenic ... vasoactive drug pharmacology ... Vasoactive #Drugs #pharmacology ... #inopressors #diagnosis ... #management #comparison
Potassium Binders for Management of Hyperkalemia
 • SPS - Sodium polystyrene sulfonate
 • Patiromer (veltassa)
 •
Hyperkalemia • SPS - Sodium ... veltassa) • SZC - Sodium ... Hyperkalemia #treatment #pharmacology ... #table #comparison ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... and Treatment Hyponatremia ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... irrigation • Management ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology #