10 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... • Euvolemic (Low ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... venous thrombosis, Congenital ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Traumatic brain injury ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia
Causes of Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infantile:
 • Benign Focal Epilepsy of Infancy
 • West
- Differential Diagnosis ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Structural: • Head Injury ... • Tumours • Congenital ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Congenital Long QT Syndrome: Illness Script

Who?
 - Kids or young adults, usually < 30
 - high
Congenital Long ... QT Syndrome: Illness ... - Syncope - Seizure ... imbalances (especially low ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Causes of Provoked Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - "DIMS" Mnemonic
Drugs:
 • Drug overdose
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Structural: • Head Injury ... • Tumours • Congenital ... • Sturge-Weber Syndrome
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
- Differential Diagnosis ... respiratory distress syndrome ... /eclampsia • Neurogenic ... cerebral hemorrhage, seizure ... #cardiology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
- Differential Diagnosis ... Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... consciousness, Coma/seizure
Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
Chronic Hypertension:
 • Guidelines as SBP ≥130 or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg
 •
evidence of organ injury ... : Tonic-clonic seizure ... patients • HELLP: Syndrome ... liver enzymes, Low ... htn #obstetrics #cardiology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... • Licorice • Congenital ... tachycardia • Seizures ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
neuromuscular injury ... the epithelial sodium ... Drug-associated: heparin, low-molecular-weight ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis