10 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... • Euvolemic (Low ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Differential # ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
- Differential ... respiratory distress syndrome ... /eclampsia • Neurogenic ... cerebral hemorrhage, seizure ... #NCPE #differential
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... exertion/training - Seizures ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... nephrotoxicity to kidney ... Rhabdomyolysis #Differential
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
osmolality helps to differentiate ... asymptomatic to seizures ... stimulated in states of low ... collecting duct in the kidneys ... activated in states of low
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... conditions - Neurogenic ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... involvement: Muscles, Kidneys ... consciousness, Coma/seizure
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
(NCPE) - Differential ... Tachypnea, - Low-grade ... and diffuse Neurogenic ... Traumatic brain injury ... hemorrhage, and seizure
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
anti-Smith Ab, low ... permanent alopecia Differential ... lower extremity edema ... , lymphopenia, low ... C4) • ds-DNA: Kidney
Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
Chronic Hypertension:
 • Guidelines as SBP ≥130 or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg
 •
Cr), pulmonary edema ... : Tonic-clonic seizure ... patients • HELLP: Syndrome ... liver enzymes, Low ... obstetrics #cardiology #differential
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Lactic Acidosis - Differential ... liver or renal injury ... LV failure - Low ... Acute pulmonary edema ... - Compartment syndrome
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
neuromuscular injury ... injury F. ... Drug-associated: heparin, low-molecular-weight ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... #Hyperkalemia #Differential