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diagnosis differential nephrology algorithm hyponatremia management adh causes classification hypomagnesemia hypomg hypovolemia magnesium osmolality pathophysiology potassium potomania raas siadh table
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... sodium chloride ... sodium chloride ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... tachycardia • Seizures
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
patients with hypokalemia ... Low-normal EABV ... Loop diuretics, Thiazide ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #hypokalemia
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... • Euvolemic (Low ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... Algorithm #nephrology #sodium
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism Decreased GI Uptake - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
- Loop and thiazide ... Hypercalcemia - Hypokalemia ... - Gitelman ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... Classification #Causes #Workup
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
asymptomatic to seizures ... stimulated in states of low ... #RAAS #Hypovolemia ... #EBV #potomania ... #SIADH #Thiazides
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
3 questions to work ... volume status (EABV ... demyelination syndrome ... of symptomatic (seizures ... management #nephrology #sodium
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