8 results
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects
Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule
Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle
Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
Localization of Renal ... Proximal tubule Bartter ... #Localization #Nephron ... #Defects #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation ... life threatening complications ... suggests extra-renal ... Emesis, Diuretics, Bartter ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
(renal potassium ... Sjögren syndrome, Renal ... Refeeding syndrome • Bartter ... diarrhea Potential Complications ... #management #pathophysiology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
: • Triad of symptoms ... urine • Other symptoms ... • LDH ↑ • Hyperkalemia ... HAGMA • Late complication ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
To prevent hypokalemia ... patient has good renal ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Immunosuppressive agents, Renal ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Neurological symptoms ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Bulimia Nervosa: Complications
GASTROINTESTINAL
 • Dehydration & inability to digest food -> Constipation
 • Recurrent vomiting exposes
Bulimia Nervosa: Complications ... /Osteoporosis RENAL ... ) • Overall: hypokalemia ... #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Anorexia Nervosa: Complications
CARDIAC ABNORMALITIES
 - Functional: Low BP, Sinus bradycardia, prolonged QT interval
 - Structural: Reduced
fasting/weight loss RENAL ... Significant Hypotension/ Hypovolemia ... NEUROLOGIC FINDINGS ... #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms