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Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) Specific Antibiotics - Class Overview

1. Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid) (PO)
2. Fosfomycin (PO)
3. Methenamine (PO)

#Pharmacology
Nitrofurantoin ( ... UrinaryTract #Infection #Nitrofurantoin
Nitrofurantoin Toxicology
Serious Adverse Effects:
Hemolysis in patients with G6PD-deficiency
Peripheral neuropathy
Hepatitis
Pulmonary toxicity
Nephritis

By Dr. Kathryn Watson @Kat_Watson

#Nitrofurantoin #Macrobid #Toxicity
Nitrofurantoin Toxicology ... Kat_Watson #Nitrofurantoin
ILD of Known Cause - Differential Diagnosis
Exposure:
 • Occupational: Asbestosis, Silicosis, Hypersensitivity, Pneumonitis
 • Treatment Related:
Methotrexate, Amiodarone, Nitrofurantoin
Drugs that Cause Fever
Most commonly:
Amphotericin B, Antihistamines, Asparaginase, Barbiturates, Bleomycin sulfate, Methyldopa, Penicillins, Phenytoin sodium, Procainamide,
Iodides, Isoniazid, Nitrofurantoin
Antibiotics - Mechanisms and Sites of Action 

Inhibit Cell Wall Synthesis or Function 
- Beta Lactams,
Metronidazole, Nitrofurantoin
Differential Diagnosis of Pulmonary Eosinophilia
Infection:
 • Helminthic: Loffler syndrome (Ascaris, hookworm, Strongyloides), Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (lymphatic
Antimicrobials: Daptomycin, Nitrofurantoin
Drug-induced organizing pneumonia is commonly caused by Bleomycin and Cyclophosphamide and other drugs like Methotrexate, Amiodarone,
Methotrexate, Amiodarone, Nitrofurantoin
Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Red Urine:
 • Medical conditions: bleeding, porphyria, factitious disorder
 • Meds: rifampin,
metronidazole, nitrofurantoin
Treatment Regimens and Expected Early Efficacy Rates for Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis
 • Nitrofurantoin monohydrate / macrocrystals
Uncomplicated Cystitis • Nitrofurantoin
Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILD)
Exposure-Related ILD (a.k.a. extrinsic allergic alveolitis): 
 • Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, Farmer's lung, Bird
ILD: Amiodarone, Nitrofurantoin