11 results
Approach to Acid Base Disorders - Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis
1) Start with the Anion Gap (AG).
2)
3) Now, look at ... the gas. ... Metabolic Acidosis ... Metabolic Acidosis ... #acidosis #alkalosis
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Metabolic alkalosis ... tubular acidosis ... #Acid #Base #Gas
Metabolic and Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm

Anion gap - MUDPILES: 
 - Methanol (formic
Metabolic and Respiratory ... Acidosis and Alkalosis ... Addison disease - Renal ... tubular acidosis ... #Acidosis #Alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... /low blood pressure ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... gap metabolic acidosis ... #differential #diagnosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Normal/low blood ... metabolic acidosis ... diarrhea, Kidney tubular ... gap metabolic acidosis
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Losses - Impaired tubular ... Hypomagnesemia • Barrter's/Gitelman's ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
- Differential Diagnosis ... NAGMA - Chem, ABG ... Tubular Acidosis ... #Metabolic #NAGMA ... #Workup #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal ... or low blood pressure ... • Hypokalemia (renal ... tubular acidosis ... #Syndrome #diagnosis
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Diagnosis ECF ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... tubule diuretic ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
suggests extra-renal ... Alkalosis: Emesis ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... acidosis: Proximal ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis