12 results
Common Etiologies of Cirrhosis

Inflammation

 - Hepatitis B (15 percent)

 - Hepatitis C (47 percent)

 - Schistosomiasis
Inflammation - Hepatitis ... congenital - Primary biliary ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Hepatology #Cirrhosis ... #Causes
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
• Pregnancy - AFLP ... • Alcoholic hepatitis ... Infiltrative • Cirrhosis ... Duct Stone • Biliary ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology
Hepatomegaly - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Malignant
 • Primary Carcinoma
 • Metastases
 • Lymphoma
 • Leukemia
 • Polycythemia
Hepatomegaly - Differential ... Cholangitis • Primary Biliary ... Cirrhosis #Hepatomegaly ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Hepatology
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
Hypertension - Differential ... INR, bilirubin, albumin ... /acute hepatitis ... pregnancy • Primary biliary ... #hepatology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Liver Injury - Differential ... Algorithm Vascular Causes ... : < 1 • Cirrhosis ... #differential # ... diagnosis #algorithm #hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
intralobular bile ducts causes ... obstruction • ALP ... bile ducts Differential ... Diagnosis: • Viral hepatitis ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
Production: • Albumin ... • Near normal ... : < 1 • Cirrhosis ... chemistry #diagnosis #differential ... #Hepatology #transaminitis
Serum Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG) - Differential Diagnosis
High albumin gradient (>1.1 g/dl):
 - Cirrhosis	
 - Alcoholic
Gradient (SAAG) - Differential ... >1.1 g/dl): - Cirrhosis ... - Alcoholic hepatitis ... Tuberculosis - Biliary ... #Diagnosis #hepatology
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
of Pregnancy (AFLP ... Antithrombin Ill • Ultrasound ... infiltration) Differential ... Diagnosis: Viral Hepatitis ... Liver #Pregnancy #hepatology
Ascites - Diagnostic Approach and Differential Diagnosis
The most common causes: cirrhosis, malignancy and heart failure. Approx
The most common causes ... more than one cause ... , albumin and total ... concentration (bowel or biliary ... #Diagnosis #hepatology