11 results
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
2) Presence of symptoms ... (HA, nausea, confusion ... , seizures) 3) Assessment ... of volume status ... #Differential #Algorithm
Digoxin Toxicity Presentation - Signs and Symptoms
 • Visual disturbances (halos, color disturbances)
 • Weakness
 •
Digoxin Toxicity ... Presentation - Signs ... and Symptoms ... Anhedonia • Confusion ... • Seizures
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
Altered mental status ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... and signs (e.g. ... fever, myalgia), seizures ... • Hypertensive encephalopathy
Clinical manifestations of acute liver failure 

Brain: 
Hepatic encephalopathy,  
Cerebral edema,  
Intracranial hypertension,
Brain: Hepatic encephalopathy ... hypertension, Seizures ... High output state ... liver #failure #Signs ... #Symptoms #Diagnosis
Local Anaesthetic Toxicity - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Signs of severe toxicity:
 • Sudden alteration in
in Anaesthesia Signs ... alteration in mental status ... anaesthetic (remember infusion ... and if necessary secure ... A). ❼ Control seizures
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
• Headache • Seizures ... • Headache • Seizures ... Neurological symptoms ... Constipation, Seizures ... 2-3 mEq/L • Seizures
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
personality change, seizures ... altered mental status ... complaints or seizures ... aphasia, and/or seizures ... • VZV • HIV encephalopathy
Clinical Features of Carbon Monoxide Toxicity
CNS - Headache, Visual disturbances, Confusion, Ataxia, Seizure, Syncope, Retinal hemorrhage,
Carbon Monoxide Toxicity ... disturbances, Confusion ... , Ataxia, Seizure ... #Toxicology #Signs ... #Symptoms #Diagnosis
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
→ Syncope • Signs ... /Symptoms: - Lightheadedness ... CNS dysfunction (encephalopathy ... Emotional instability, Confusion ... consciousness, Coma/seizure
Alcohol Withdrawal: Clinical Findings and Complications
The onset of alcohol withdrawal generally begins 6-24 hours after the
hallucinations -> seizures ... Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures ... Risk of having seizures ... progress to DT if seizures ... Life-threatening state