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differential algorithm management sodium hypernatremia potassium table classification criticalcare hypomagnesemia magnesium pathophysiology pharmacology siadh endocrinology foamed hypophosphatemia polyuria syndrome acute
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Inadequate water intake: • Lack of access to water Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Osmotic diuresis ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... • Euvolemic (Low ... , osmotic (solute ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypovolemia ... alkalosis, Ketonuria, Osmotic ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Low intake • poor oral intake Renal loss • Medication • Hypomagnesemia •
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake ... Hypomagnesemia • Osmotic ... diuresis • Mineralocorticoids ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... plasma insulin (treatment ... , Osmotic diuresis ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
- Osmotic diuretic ... , Loop diuretics ... Postobstructive diuresis ... Classification #Features #Diagnosis ... Comparison #Table #Nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism Decreased GI Uptake - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
- Osmotic diuresis ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Magnesium ... Classification #Causes ... #Workup #hypomg
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... administration • Osmotic ... diuresis (see Polyuria ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift • Recovery From DKA • Refeeding Syndrome • Acute Respiratory
- Differential Diagnosis ... Alkalosis • Hypokalemia ... Fanconi Syndrome • Osmotic ... Diuresis • Acute ... endocrinology #causes
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
ON (UNa < 30): Hypovolemia ... , Medications (diuretics ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
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