17 results
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Hypokalemia - Osmotic ... diuresis - ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Classification #Causes #Workup ... #hypomg
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... , osmotic (solute ... , Cushing syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Solute (a.k.a. osmotic ... diuresis): • ... : Conventional diuretics ... #Causes #nephrology
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome ... hypernatremia - Osmotic ... diuretic, Loop ... Classification #Features #Diagnosis ... Comparison #Table #Nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
plasma insulin (treatment ... , Osmotic diuresis ... , Bartter's syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
- Differential Diagnosis ... Volume (>2ml/min) Osmotic ... Diuresis Urine ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Renal losses, Diuretic ... alkalosis, Ketonuria, Osmotic ... diuresis, Cerebral ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... , CA Inh., Osmotic ... diuresis Dr. ... #phosphate #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential Diagnosis ... administration • Osmotic ... diuresis (see Polyuria ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
Redistribution:
 - IV glucose
 - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis
 - IV hyperalimentation
 - Refeeding
- Saline or osmotic ... diuresis - Potassium ... Drugs: - Loop diuretics ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes #diagnosis ... #pharmacology #hypomg