226 results
Ptosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Ptosis (Greek- to fall) Drooping of the upper eyelid that usually results
- Differential Diagnosis ... think about three clinical ... Supranuclear lesions • Ophthalmoplegia ... laceration or orbital ... prolapse of the orbital
Ophthalmoplegia secondary to Orbital Apex Syndrome

A 61-year-old man presented with retro-orbital pain, near-complete ophthalmoplegia, loss of
Ophthalmoplegia ... secondary to Orbital ... Apex Syndrome ... #Ophthalmoplegia ... #Syndrome #Clinical
Important Causes of Diplopia 
TIER 1-CRITICAL
Basilar artery thrombosis, Botulism, Basilar meningitis, Aneurysmn
TIER 2-EMERGENT:
Vertebral dissection, Myasthenia gravis,
Diplopia TIER 1-CRITICAL ... apex syndrome, ... Miller-Fisher syndrome ... Graves disease), Ophthalmoplegic ... #differential #diagnosis
Proptosis - Differential Diagnosis - Unilateral vs Bilateral
Unilateral:
 • Infections (can become bilateral with cavernous sinus
- Differential Diagnosis ... thrombosis) - Orbital ... Vascular - Orbital ... Eye redness • Ophthalmoplegia ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Orbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Chemosis: Edema of the bulbar conjunctiva
b. Panopthalmitis: inflammation of all
Orbital Cellulitis ... Pathogenesis and Clinical ... anterior to the orbital ... eye movement or opthalmoplegia ... ophthalmology #diagnosis
Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome
What?
 • Unilateral orbital/retrobulbar pain
 • Paresis of the cranial nerves Ill, IV, VI
 •
Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome ... • Unilateral orbital ... fissure or orbit ... #Tolosa #Hunt #Syndrome ... TolosaHunt #neurology #diagnosis
Wall-eyed bilateral inter nuclear ophthalmoplegia (WEBINO) Syndrome

In this specific case, the lesion is bilaterally in the
inter nuclear ophthalmoplegia ... (WEBINO) Syndrome ... #internuclear #ophthalmoplegia ... WEBINO #Neurology #Clinical
Orbital Apex Syndrome secondary to Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (HZO)

This 81 yo male was referred to our
Orbital Apex Syndrome ... ptosis, severe ophthalmoplegia ... Orbital Apex Syndrome ... #Apex #Syndrome ... Ophthalmicus #HZO #clinical
Differential diagnoses for the neuro-ophthalmologic finding of diplopia.
Neoplastic: 
 • Intraorbital meningioma 
 • Pituitary adenoma
Differential diagnoses ... Miller-Fisher syndrome ... • Orbital pseudotumor ... • Orbital myositis ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Diplopia - Differential Diagnosis
Step 1: Consider Stroke
Step 2: Diplopia PLUS
 - Cavernous Sinus Syndrome
 - Infection
- Differential Diagnosis ... Cavernous Sinus Syndrome ... Severe HA - Orbital ... Apex Syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis