105 results
Important Causes of Diplopia 
TIER 1-CRITICAL
Basilar artery thrombosis, Botulism, Basilar meningitis, Aneurysmn
TIER 2-EMERGENT:
Vertebral dissection, Myasthenia gravis,
Important Causes of Diplopia ... encephalopathy, Orbital ... Ischemic neuropathy, Orbital ... , pseudotumor, Orbital ... apex mass #Diplopia
Diplopia - Differential Diagnosis
Step 1: Consider Stroke
Step 2: Diplopia PLUS
 - Cavernous Sinus Syndrome
 - Infection
Diplopia - Differential ... Stroke Step 2: Diplopia ... Severe HA - Orbital ... Step 3: Isolated Diplopia ... to consider #Diplopia
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Diplopia: Diplopia has been explored previously on ddxof. The earlier algorithm
Evaluation of Diplopia ... : Diplopia has been ... etiologic causes of diplopia ... Diagnosis #EM #Ophth #Diplopia ... Monocular #Binocular #Orbital
Differential diagnoses for the neuro-ophthalmologic finding of diplopia.
Neoplastic: 
 • Intraorbital meningioma 
 • Pituitary adenoma
neuro-ophthalmologic finding of diplopia ... syndrome • Orbital ... pseudotumor • Orbital ... blowout fracture of orbital ... VI palsy) #Diplopia
Proptosis - Differential Diagnosis - Unilateral vs Bilateral
Unilateral:
 • Infections (can become bilateral with cavernous sinus
thrombosis) - Orbital ... Vascular - Orbital ... hemangioma - Orbital ... Tvumor - Orbital ... Red Flags: • Diplopia
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
Diplopia - Double ... Clinical Pearls: • Diplopia ... Entrapment • Orbital ... Inflammation • Orbital ... Tumor • Orbital
Traumatic Red Eye - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Surface Injury:
 • Corneal Abrasion
 • Ultraviolet Keratitis
 • Chemical
Trauma - Hyphema, diplopia ... emphysema of lid: • Orbital ... Mid-facial Fracture • Orbital ... Floor Fracture • Orbital
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
irritation, peri orbital ... edema, diplopia
Orbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Chemosis: Edema of the bulbar conjunctiva
b. Panopthalmitis: inflammation of all
Orbital Cellulitis ... anterior to the orbital ... Inflammation of orbital ... • Involves the orbit ... Blindness #Orbital
Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome
What?
 • Unilateral orbital/retrobulbar pain
 • Paresis of the cranial nerves Ill, IV, VI
 •
• Unilateral orbital ... sinus, superior orbital ... fissure or orbit