1013 results
Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome
What?
 • Unilateral orbital/retrobulbar pain
 • Paresis of the cranial nerves Ill, IV, VI
 •
• Unilateral orbital ... sinus, superior orbital ... fissure or orbit ... resolution of the symptoms
Orbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Chemosis: Edema of the bulbar conjunctiva
b. Panopthalmitis: inflammation of all
Orbital Cellulitis ... anterior to the orbital ... Inflammation of orbital ... • Involves the orbit ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
• Neurologic symptoms ... Entrapment • Orbital ... Inflammation • Orbital ... Tumor • Orbital
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
Retinoblastoma Signs / Symptoms ... red reflex) • Orbital ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Highlighted Conditions With Arteritis or Periarteritis of the Coronaries
Takayasu's arteritis:
 - Onset < 40 yrs
 -
yrs - Cranial symptoms ... Lacrimal swelling - Orbital
Headache Syndromes 
Sudden onset of pain - "Thunder clap" with any decreased mentation, any positive focal
with stroke-like symptoms ... Periorbital or retro-orbital ... Syndromes #diagnosis #symptoms
Intermittent Bilateral Exophthalmos (Alternating Exophthalmos and Enophthalmos) on Physical Exam

Observing this patient in silence for a
No orbital bruit ... patient- bilateral symptoms ... malformations within the orbit
Clinical manifestations of anaphylaxis. 
Neurological (<15%): Dizziness, syncope, seizures, Confusion, impending doom. headache
Angioedema: Lips, tongue, orbit,
Lips, tongue, orbit ... anaphylaxis #signs #symptoms
Optic Neuritis - Diagnosis and Management
 • Epidemiology: Female (75%), 18-50 years,
caucasian
 • Symptoms: Moderate visual
caucasian • Symptoms ... /10), Moderate orbital
Periorbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Dacryoadenitis: infection of the lacrimal glands
b. Conjunctivitis: inflammation of the
preseptal compartment/orbital ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms