39 results
Ottawa Ankle Rule #Diagnosis #Management #EM #Ortho #Sports #Ottawa #Ankle #Foot #Rule
Ottawa Ankle Rule ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #EM #Ortho #Sports ... #Ottawa #Ankle ... #Foot #Rule
Ottawa Ankle Rule #Diagnosis #Management #EM #Ortho #Sports #Ottawa #Ankle #Foot #Rule
Ottawa Ankle Rule ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #EM #Ortho #Sports ... #Ottawa #Ankle ... #Foot #Rule
Evidence supports the Ottawa ankle rules as an accurate instrument for excluding fractures of the ankle
supports the Ottawa ankle ... rules as an accurate ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #EM #Ortho #Sports ... #Foot #Rule
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... and Workup Step ... mmol/L - true hyponatremia ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
True Hyponatremia ... - Urine sodium low ... and uric acid low ... Differential #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Diagnostic Approach to Hyponatremia
Box A:
 • Normo/hyperosmolar Hyponatremia: Glucose, Mannitol, Glycine, Contrast media, Maltose
 • Pseudohyponatremia:
Diagnostic Approach ... to Hyponatremia ... Primary Polydipsia, Low ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #workup
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Uric Acid - Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium #low #uricacid
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Framework Rule ... • Normal or Low ... #phosphate #nephrology