5 results
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... can be high or low ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Malignant Hyperthermia Crisis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Unexplained increase in ETCO2 AND tachycardia AND increased
possible fresh gas flow ... with dantrolene Hyperkalaemia ... hyperventilate, sodium ... Intraoperative #Checklist #Diagnosis ... #Management #Workup
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
- Differential Algorithm ... polydipsia • Hypervolemia ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... Gitelman #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
complications from anesthesia ... event, follow ACC algorithm ... Intraabdominal - Orthopedic ... • Low risk (< ... stratification #diagnosis