2984 results
Causes of Urinary Incontinence - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 - Transient - Easily reversible cause (DIAPPERS)
Causes of Urinary ... Easily reversible cause ... Excessive urine output ... • Bladder Outlet ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Arrhythmias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
May present as: palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest discomfort
Cardiac Causes:
 - Structural
discomfort Cardiac Causes ... ) Non-Cardiac Causes ... : - High Output ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
High Output Heart Failure - Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
Obesity - Systemic Vasodilation, Vasoactive Adipokines
Arteriovenous Fistula -
High Output Heart ... cardionerds #High #Output ... Diagnosis #cardiology #causes
Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diet/Lifestyle
 • Fibre
 • Calories
 • Fluid
 • Exercise
 • Psychosocial
Medications
 •
Colonic Inertia Outlet ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Wide Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis
Physiologic:
 • Advanced age-arteriosclerosis (less compliant arteries)
 • Well
Causes of Wide Pulse ... circulation/High output ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Medications Used in Congestive Heart Failure

In CHF, the heart is failing as a pump; cardiac output
pump; cardiac output ... CHF also causes ... increase cardiac output
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... are caused by prerenal ... If the urine output ... CONSIDER INTRINSIC CAUSES ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
Algorithm Urine Output ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
Causes of Polyuria ... Polyuria - Urine Output ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Quincke's Pulse in a patient with a normal echocardiogram (non-valvular)

A 70 y/o man presents with new
Quincke's pulse = high-output ... to confirm high-output ... Workup for cause ... "just another case ... EtOH causes thiamine