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Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Lung Infections ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • CT: Halo sign ... Constitutional symptoms ... #AIDS #pulmonary
Feeding Vessel Sign on Chest CT
 • Distinct pulmonary vessel leading into a lung nodule or
Feeding Vessel Sign ... on Chest CT • ... #CT #Lung #Pulmonary ... #diagnosis #radiology ... #clinical
Halo Sign on Chest CT
 • SPN or mass surrounded by a circumferential GGO
 • DDx:
Halo Sign on Chest ... CT • SPN or mass ... #CT #Lung #Pulmonary ... #diagnosis #radiology ... #clinical
Lobar pneumonia
On the chest x-ray there is an ill-defined area of increased density in the right
if this patient had ... weight loss or long ... standing symptoms ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #AirBronchogram
Bilateral B-Lines in case of Pneumonia on Lung POCUS

Young healthy pt with fever/dyspnea. POCUS lung exam
Progressive URI ... sliding: Pulmonary ... partially seen shred sign ... NOT definitively diagnose ... #Lung #POCUS #clinical
COVID-19 Patterns of Lung Findings on Chest CT
1. Reverse Halo Sign
2. ARDS
3. Crazy-Paving Pattern
4. Bilateral Peripheral
Findings on Chest CT ... Organizing Pneumonia ... #Pulmonary #ChestCT ... #radiology #CTChest ... #diagnosis
Venn Diagram - Does this patient have pneumonia?
Diagnosis is generally based on three lines of evidence:
Diagnosis is generally ... infiltrate (e.g., CXR ... , CT, ultrasound ... symptoms (e.g., ... chest pain) and signs
Miliary Pattern - Chest Radiology
 • Miliary opacities are scattered, small (1 -4 mm) nodules
 •
throughout the lungs ... Differential Diagnosis ... rarely typical pneumonia ... #pulmonary #CXR ... #clinical #CT
Pulmonary Infections in HIV-AIDS
Bacterial: 
 • No organism identified, Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S.aureus, Streptococcus Grp
Pulmonary Infections ... failure, COPD, Lung ... Evaluation: Imaging (CXR ... +/- High res CT ... #workup #diagnosis
Sand Storm Sign on Chest CT
 • Diffusely dense pulmonary micronodular calcifications. Note the black pleural
dense pulmonary ... arrow) • DDx: PAM ... #CT #Lung #Pulmonary ... #diagnosis #radiology ... #clinical