11 results
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
inhibitors • Injection ... Diagnosis: Latent ... and Culture • CXR ... disease • Check CXR ... #TB #Diagnosis
Tuberculosis Overview

10 million new M. tuberculosis infections/year
Facultative intracellular rod-shaped bacteria
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) accounts for 4.6% of
inhibitors • Injection ... Diagnosis: Latent ... and Culture • CXR ... disease • Check CXR ... #TB #Diagnosis
Tuberculin Skin Test Interpretation - Threshold for treatment
Induration cutoff >5mm:
 • Recent exposure to an individual
Threshold for treatment ... • Abnormal CXR ... carcinoma of head/neck/lung ... Underweight • Injection ... SkinTest #TST #diagnosis
Septic emboli
Septic emboli usually present as multiple ill-defined nodules.
In about 50% cavitation is seen.
CT demonstrates more
CT demonstrates ... can suggest the diagnosis ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CTChest # ... #SepticEmboli #Cavity
Miliary Pattern - Chest Radiology
 • Miliary opacities are scattered, small (1 -4 mm) nodules
 •
Pattern - Chest Radiology ... throughout the lungs ... Pattern #Chest #Radiology ... #pulmonary #CXR ... #clinical #CT
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
lesions • 80% with lung ... skin lesions, LAD ... including: M, avium, TB ... Bacterial • Tuberculosis ... #causes #radiology
Differential diagnosis of the reversed halo sign (RHS). AIA, angioinvasive aspergillosis; AIS, adenocarcinoma in situ; COP,
Differential diagnosis ... of the reversed halo ... sign (RHS). ... **Includes cavitary ... #Radiology #RHS
Cavitation - Pneumonia
In virulent pyogenic infections an abscess may form within the consolidated lung as a
the consolidated lung ... like TB, cavities ... one month after treatment ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CTChest #
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Lung Infections ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • CT: Halo sign ... fever, cough and cavitary ... infiltrates, mimicking TB
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
: TB, NTM, PNA ... Nasal polyps and signs ... in the adjacent lung ... high-resolution chest CT ... mycobacteria Treatment