15 results
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
count cause hyperviscosity ... >100k, + lab signs ... organ damage • Treatment ... lethargy, hematuria, cardiac ... with tetany or cardiac
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
overload -> - CHF ... - Tetany - Cardiac ... Serum PO4 -> decr RBC ... hemolysis - anemia ... pathophysiology #symptoms #signs
Cardiac Tamponade - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Caused by an accumulation of blood, pus, effusion fluid
Cardiac Tamponade ... • Call for cardiac ... thoracotomy is a better treatment ... examination and vital signs ... Intraoperative #Checklist
In order to better classify heart failure, the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American
of the ACC/AHA Classification ... With treatment, ... show symptoms or signs ... Diagnosis #Cardiology #CHF ... #Stages #Classes
Intraoperative Cardiac Ischaemia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

If the patient is unconscious, signs of cardiac
Intraoperative Cardiac ... Guidelines for Crises ... is unconscious, signs ... calcium. ❽ Treat anaemia ... Intraoperative #Checklist
Intraoperative Anaphylaxis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
• Unexplained hypotension
• Unexplained bronchospasm (wheeze may be absent
• Unexpected cardiac ... of more of the signs ... trolley, anaphylaxis treatment ... require prolonged treatment ... Intraoperative #Checklist
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
before beginning treatment ... perfusion - Cardiac ... failure - Low cardiac ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia ... #typea #typeb #classification
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
Cardiac arrhythmia ... psychosis - CHF ... ↑ AST/ALT • Treatment ... hyperthyroidism #causes ... endocrinology #signs
Malignant Hyperthermia Crisis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Unexplained increase in ETCO2 AND tachycardia AND increased
rise is a late sign ... ❹ Call for MH treatment ... dantrolene and cardiac ... mins, U&E, CK, FBC ... Intraoperative #Checklist
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
Signs of poor perfusion ... Signs of congestion ... Cardiac cath if ... the determined cause ... #heartfailure #chf