6 results
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
Managment: • Pain ... persistent severe pain ... , Anuria - PCN ... d-Penicillamine, ascorbic acid ... #nephrology #nephrolithiasis
Nephrolithiasis: Medications Associated with Renal Stones
 • Hypercalciuria: Furosemide, Topiramate, Vitamin D/Calcium, Glucocorticoids
 • Precipitation of
Associated with Renal Stones ... Increased urine uric acid ... #pharmacology # ... differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... (AG) = {Na - (Cl ... Hyperventilation (Anxiety, pain ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Severe low back pain ... constipation Differential ... decreased rectal tone ... Equina #syndrome #differential ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... insipidus • Kidney stones ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology #
Toxic Alcohol Ingestion: Methanol
Solvent found in cleaning and printing solutions, adhesives, stains, paint removers,
antifreeze agent in
adhesives, stains, paint ... wiping fluid, camp stove ... gasoline additive Pharmacology ... Metabolite (eg. formic acid ... #Diagnosis #Management