22 results
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
ABG And BMP Normal ... 7.35-7.45 • PaCO2 ... 35-45 mmHg • PaO2 ... Metabolic: pH pCO2 ... 0.4-0.8 Normal
Renal tubular acidosis (RTA): refers to a group of conditions all of which cause the same
Renal tubular acidosis ... result: a metabolic acidosis ... that has a normal ... Features #Table #Comparison
Hypoxemia vs Hypoxia
Hypoxemia - Partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) is below normal
Hypoxia - Insufficient oxygen
arterial oxygen (PaO2 ... ) is below normal ... compensate for low PaO2 ... differential #diagnosis #comparison
Differentiating Features Between Central and Peripheral Cyanosis

Mechanism - Arterial destauration
Sites - Skin, mucous membrane of oral
mucous membrane of oral ... Arterial blood gas - pO2 ... Arterial blood gas - pO2 ... normal #Cyanosis ... Central #Peripheral #Comparison
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
Ringers (LR) vs Normal ... Saline (NS) - Comparison ... pancreatitis Normal ... #Ringers #LR #Normal ... #Saline #NS #comparison
#ICUCard
RENAL
GFR
90-131
mL/min
((140-age)*Wt)/(72*Cr)
Glomerular Filtration Rate (Cockcroft)
CI Cr
90-131
mL/min
(CrU * volume)/CrS
Creatinine Clearance
FENa
0.0-1.0
%
((U/P Na)/(U/P Cr))*100
Fractional Excretion of Na+
Na req
mEq
(125-Na)*0.6*Wt
Required Sodium
FE Urea
HCO3d-HCO3m) Metabolic Acidosis ... 9 Respiratory Acidosis ... cmH20 A from normal ... FIO2 < 50% pH normal ... NS = normal saline
Barcode Sign in Pneumothorax on POCUS - M-Mode

seashore sign: normal lung sliding

barcode/stratosphere sign: pneumothorax 

#Pneumothorax #Barcode
Pneumothorax on POCUS ... seashore sign: normal ... Barcode #Sign #POCUS ... #Diagnosis #Comparison
POCUS appearance of Pleural thickening at right base. (patient was referred as possible pleural effusion, referral
POCUS appearance ... available) compared to normal ... Pleural #Thickening #POCUS ... #Clinical #Comparison
U/S - Is the shoulder IN or OUT?

Top Clip: IN (No Dislocation)
Bottom Clip: OUT (Anterior Dislocation!)
-
EM_RESUS #Clinical #POCUS ... Dislocation #Anterior #Comparison ... #Normal
COPD phenotypes:  Blue Bloaters vs. Pink Puffers
The two most stereotypical forms of COPD are pink
causing ineffective CO2 ... maintain a near-normal ... PaCO2, causing ... #BlueBloaters #Comparison