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Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential ... HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2 ... Respiratory Acidosis (pCO2 ... Respiratory Alkalosis (pCO2 ... AcidBase #Disorders #Differential
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
A-a gradient = PAO2 ... - PaO2 A-a gradient ... (Patm - 47) - (PaCO2 ... Level) [150- (PaCO2 ... Hypoxia #hypoxemia #differential
Acid Base Disorders Worksheet

Step 1: Gather the necessary data (Na+, CI-, HCO3-, PH, pCO2). Preferably, all
CI-, HCO3-, PH, pCO2 ... 3: Look at the pCO2 ... . 3a: If pCO2 ... diagnoses using the differentials ... Worksheet #diagnosis #differential
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
type of hypoxia) PIO2 ... O2 is inspired) PAO2 ... hypoxia) - Low PaO2 ... Low SvO2 → Low PaO2 ... summary #pulmonary #differential
Basics of Waveform Capnography
Waveform capnography assesses ventilation by monitoring exhaled carbon dioxide
Can use measurement and morphology
pathophysiology CLINICAL ... Assessing for CO2 ... Transition as CO2 ... - Arterial CO2 ... WAVEFORM - Critical
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acute or chronic ... Differentials? ... Metabolic: pH pCO2 ... Compensation, Acute ... Base #Gas #VBG #differential
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
Berlin Criteria for Acute ... week of a known clinical ... - 200 mm Hg < PaO2 ... - 100 mm Hg < PaO2 ... H2O #ARDS #Acute
#ICUCard
RENAL
GFR
90-131
mL/min
((140-age)*Wt)/(72*Cr)
Glomerular Filtration Rate (Cockcroft)
CI Cr
90-131
mL/min
(CrU * volume)/CrS
Creatinine Clearance
FENa
0.0-1.0
%
((U/P Na)/(U/P Cr))*100
Fractional Excretion of Na+
Na req
mEq
(125-Na)*0.6*Wt
Required Sodium
FE Urea
pCO2 = 0.9 (HCO3 ... ТРСО2 → Тнсоз acute ... → ІнСО3 acute: ... pk + log (HCO3/(PCO2 ... > 50mmHg (acute
Understanding & Treating ARDS - Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

•  Timing - within one week of
Treating ARDS - Acute ... Impaired Oxygenation PaO2 ... Respiratory #Distress #Acute
Hypoxemia vs Hypoxia
Hypoxemia - Partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) is below normal
Hypoxia - Insufficient oxygen
arterial oxygen (PaO2 ... compensate for low PaO2 ... hypoxia #hypoxemia #differential