323 results
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
- Differential Diagnosis ... Respiratory Acidosis (pCO2 ... Respiratory Alkalosis (pCO2 ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
A-a gradient = PAO2 ... - PaO2 A-a gradient ... Embolism, Obstructive Lung ... , Interstitial Lung ... #differential #diagnosis
Capnography
Measurement of exhaled carbon dioxide can be used to confirm ETT placement, for safer procedural sedation,
PvCO2 - Mixed ... venous CO2 • ... PaCO2 - Arterial ... intubation, single lung ... waveforms #patterns #diagnosis
ABG vs VBG: Arterial vs Venous Blood Gases

ABG
PROS: Tells you exactly what the arterial environment looks
vs Venous Blood Gases ... looks like (pH, PaCO2 ... Comparison #pH #pCO2 ... #Diagnosis #Differences
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
type of hypoxia) PIO2 ... O2 is inspired) PAO2 ... Low SvO2 → Low PaO2 ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #pathophysiology
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
- Differential Diagnosis ... HYPOVENTILATION • Rising PaCO2 ... : Interstitial lung ... bypassing the lungs ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Basics of Waveform Capnography
Waveform capnography assesses ventilation by monitoring exhaled carbon dioxide
Can use measurement and morphology
Assessing for CO2 ... Transition as CO2 ... - Arterial CO2 ... the heart to the lung ... interpretation #patterns #diagnosis
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
35-45 mmHg • PaO2 ... Metabolic: pH pCO2 ... - Differential Diagnosis ... or restrictive lung ... Interpretation #Diagnosis
Multiple masses
The differential diagnostic list of multiple masses is very long.
The most important diagnoses are listed
Multiple masses ... The differential diagnostic ... is very long. ... most important diagnoses ... Management #Radiology #Lung
Causes of Secondary Amenorrhea - Differential Diagnosis
 • Pregnancy
 • Endocrinopathies: PCOS, Hypothyroidism
 • HPA Dysfunction:
Causes of Secondary ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Endocrinopathies: PCOS ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #endocrinology