383 results
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Intracardiac, Pulmonary ... V/Q Mismatch: Pulmonary ... Embolism, Obstructive Lung ... , Interstitial Lung ... Hypoxia #hypoxemia #differential
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Respiratory Acidosis (pCO2 ... AcidBase #Disorders #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Capnography
Measurement of exhaled carbon dioxide can be used to confirm ETT placement, for safer procedural sedation,
monitor cardiac & pulmonary ... • PvCO2 - Mixed ... venous CO2 • ... intubation, single lung ... patterns #diagnosis #pulmonary
Cavitary Lung Disease - Differential Diagnosis and Workup Algorithm
Acute / Subacute:
 • Acute Infections: Lung abscess,
- Differential ... Acute / Subacute ... : • Acute Infections ... #lesion #pulmonary ... #differential
Radiographic Features of Pulmonary Diseases
 - Pneumonia
 - Atelectasis
 - Emphysema
 - Pneumothorax
 - Effusion
 -
- Nodular - Acute ... Embolism - Acute ... Pulmonary Edema ... Radiology #Patterns #Lung ... XRay #ChestCT #Differential
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acute or chronic ... Metabolic: pH pCO2 ... Compensation, Acute ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... or restrictive lung
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
Berlin Criteria for Acute ... consistent with pulmonary ... lobar collapse, lung ... collapse, or pulmonary ... H2O #ARDS #Acute
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
type of hypoxia) PIO2 ... O2 is inspired) PAO2 ... Low SvO2 → Low PaO2 ... Hypoxemia #summary #pulmonary ... #differential #
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – ARDS: Clinical Cheat Sheet

An acute diffuse, inflammatory lung injury, leading to
, inflammatory lung ... leading to increased pulmonary ... permeability, lung ... consistent with pulmonary ... on CT or CXR ● PaO2
Basics of Waveform Capnography
Waveform capnography assesses ventilation by monitoring exhaled carbon dioxide
Can use measurement and morphology
data regarding pulmonary ... Assessing for CO2 ... the heart to the lung ... output state - Pulmonary ... patterns #diagnosis #pulmonary