361 results
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation ... for Blood Gas Interpretation ... Metabolic: pH pCO2 ... Delta: Delta Interpretation ... Classically” noted with pulmonary
Capnography
Measurement of exhaled carbon dioxide can be used to confirm ETT placement, for safer procedural sedation,
monitor cardiac & pulmonary ... • PvCO2 - Mixed ... venous CO2 • ... #Capnography #interpretation ... patterns #diagnosis #pulmonary
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Intracardiac, Pulmonary ... V/Q Mismatch: Pulmonary ... , Atelectasis, Pulmonary ... Diffusion Defect: Pulmonary ... alveolar #arterial #pulmonary
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2 ... Respiratory Acidosis (pCO2 ... HCO3 > 28mmol/L) CO2 ... Respiratory Alkalosis (pCO2 ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Analysis - Metabolic + Respiratory Acidosis + Alkalosis

pH ↓ pCO2 ↓ -
Alkalosis pH ↓ pCO2 ... acidosis pH ↑ pCO2 ... alkalosis pH ↑ pCO2 ... alkalosis pH ↓ pCO2 ... ABG #Analysis #Interpretation
Perform computations online at:
ScyMed.com
6th ED
ICU-card
«ICU, Formulas & Drugs»
HEMODYNAMIC PATTERNS
Condition
SAP
CVP

PAP PCWP

CO C(a-v)02 PVR

SVR
Hypovolemic shock
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↑
↑
↑
Cardiogenic shock
↓
1
↑
1

1
↑

Septic shock
↓
↓
↓
↓
↑
↓
↓
↓
Cardiac Tamponade
.
↑
↑
1
↓

→
↑
RV
→ ↓ → →↑ Pulmonary ... +2PDP)/3 Mean Pulmonary ... MPAP-WP)*79.92)/CO Pulmonary ... MPAP-WP)*79.92)/CI Pulmonary ... = 1.36 cmH20 PULMONARY
Acid Base and Blood Gas Analysis
1. pH - What’s the primary disturbance?
2. pCO2 - What’s the
2. pCO2 - What’s ... the pCO2? ... Medications, Central, ↑ CO2 ... respiratory #bloodgas #interpretation
Basics of Waveform Capnography
Waveform capnography assesses ventilation by monitoring exhaled carbon dioxide
Can use measurement and morphology
data regarding pulmonary ... Assessing for CO2 ... output state - Pulmonary ... #Capnography #interpretation ... patterns #diagnosis #pulmonary
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
type of hypoxia) PIO2 ... O2 is inspired) PAO2 ... Low SvO2 → Low PaO2 ... Hypoxemia #summary #pulmonary ... differential #diagnosis #causes
ABG vs VBG: Arterial vs Venous Blood Gases

ABG
PROS: Tells you exactly what the arterial environment looks
vs Venous Blood Gases ... looks like (pH, PaCO2 ... Comparison #pH #pCO2