291 results
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Intracardiac, Pulmonary ... V/Q Mismatch: Pulmonary ... Embolism, Obstructive Lung ... , Interstitial Lung ... #differential #diagnosis
Capnography
Measurement of exhaled carbon dioxide can be used to confirm ETT placement, for safer procedural sedation,
monitor cardiac & pulmonary ... • PvCO2 - Mixed ... intubation, single lung ... waveforms #patterns #diagnosis ... #pulmonary #ETCO2
Lung Auscultation and Physical Exam Findings in Selected Lung Disorders

#PhysicalExam #Auscultation #Pulmonary #Percussion #Dullness #Fremitus #BreathSounds
Lung Auscultation ... Findings in Selected Lung ... #Auscultation #Pulmonary ... Transmitted #Comparison #Table ... #Lung #Diagnosis
Basics of Waveform Capnography
Waveform capnography assesses ventilation by monitoring exhaled carbon dioxide
Can use measurement and morphology
data regarding pulmonary ... the heart to the lung ... output state - Pulmonary ... interpretation #patterns #diagnosis ... #pulmonary
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
type of hypoxia) PIO2 ... O2 is inspired) PAO2 ... Low SvO2 → Low PaO2 ... Hypoxemia #summary #pulmonary ... #differential #diagnosis
Figure 3 HRCT-LUS correlation in normal lung, pulmonary congestion, rheumatoid lung disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Notes: (A)
, pulmonary congestion ... disease, idiopathic pulmonary ... bronchiectasis due to pulmonary ... #Clinical #Diagnosis ... #Correlation #Table
Multiple masses
The differential diagnostic list of multiple masses is very long.
The most important diagnoses are listed
The differential diagnostic ... masses is very long ... most important diagnoses ... listed in the table ... Management #Radiology #Lung
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
consistent with pulmonary ... lobar collapse, lung ... collapse, or pulmonary ... - 200 mm Hg < PaO2 ... Definition #Criteria #Diagnosis
Causes of Cough and Hemoptysis
Acute Inflammation 
 - Laryngitis 
 - Tracheobronchitis 
 - Mycoplasma and
Bronchiectasis - Pulmonary ... Tuberculosis - Lung ... Cancer of the Lung ... Mitral Stenosis - Pulmonary ... Differential #Causes #Table
Upper lung zone preference is seen in:
- Inhaled particles: pneumoconiosis (silica or coal)
- Smoking related diseases
Upper lung zone ... - Aspiration - Pulmonary ... edema #Diagnosis ... #Radiology #Pulmonary ... #Differential #Table