71 results
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
A-a gradient = PAO2 ... - PaO2 A-a gradient ... Hypoventilation: CNS of Respiratory ... Embolism, Obstructive Lung ... , Interstitial Lung
Non-Invasive Ventilation (BiPAP) Algorithm - Indications and Contraindications
Indications for NIV:
 • COPD - pH <7.35, pCO2
COPD - pH <7.35, pCO2 ... Neuromuscular disease - Respiratory ... VC < 1 even if pCO2 ... RR or daytime pCO2 ... #criticalcare #management
Basics of Waveform Capnography
Waveform capnography assesses ventilation by monitoring exhaled carbon dioxide
Can use measurement and morphology
different phases of respiratory ... Assessing for CO2 ... PHASE I - Inspiratory ... Transition as CO2 ... the heart to the lung
COVID-19 Diagnosis and Management Summary
Clinical and laboratory testing
Lung Ultrasound
HRCT scan
In-hospital treatment
Severity assessment and respiratory support 
Post-mortem
Diagnosis and Management ... laboratory testing Lung ... assessment and respiratory ... Post-mortem studies Long-term ... COVID19 #Diagnosis #Management
Weaning from the Ventilator - Algorithm
Setting up for extubation success
 • Decrease demand — correct metabolic
acidosis, decrease CO2 ... steroids & NMB • Respiratory ... Diuresis — Dry lungs ... are happy lungs ... #CriticalCare #Management
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
Criteria for Acute Respiratory ... Syndrome (ARDS) - Respiratory ... lobar collapse, lung ... - 200 mm Hg < PaO2 ... #ARDS #Acute #Respiratory
Understanding & Treating ARDS - Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

•  Timing - within one week of
Treating ARDS - Acute Respiratory ... Origin of Edema - respiratory ... Impaired Oxygenation PaO2 ... nickmmark #ARDS #Respiratory ... Syndrome #Diagnosis #Management
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Respiratory or Metabolic ... 7.35-7.45 • PaCO2 ... 35-45 mmHg • PaO2 ... Metabolic: pH pCO2 ... or restrictive lung
Multiple masses
The differential diagnostic list of multiple masses is very long.
The most important diagnoses are listed
masses is very long ... listed in the table ... #Management #Radiology ... #Lung #Multiple
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – ARDS: Clinical Cheat Sheet

An acute diffuse, inflammatory lung injury, leading to
Acute Respiratory ... , inflammatory lung ... permeability, lung ... with decreased lung ... on CT or CXR ● PaO2