8 results
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
women • 15% of AIHA ... lymphoproliferative disorder ... • Symptoms of anemia ... anemia • Cold ... #anemia #hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
anemia): ... - Autoimmune (AIHA ... . primary cold agglutin ... lymphoproliferative disorders ... #anemia
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... Consider sickle cell ... Agglutination - Cold agglutinins ... Consider RBC membrane disorder ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #workup
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
Chronic Lymphocytic ... lymphoproliferative disorders ... • Neutropenia, anemia ... #Chronic #Lymphocytic ... Leukemia #diagnosis #workup
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) - Summary
Overview: 
 • Most common leukemia in adults
 • Disorder of
Chronic Lymphocytic ... leukemia in adults • Disorder ... 5) Symptoms of anemia ... cytopenias (ITP, AIHA ... fludarabine) 3) Monoclonal
Paraproteinemias

Entities That Can Feature A Monoclonal Protein/M Component:
• MM
• WM
• MGUS
• MGCS
• MGRS
• Splenic Marginal Zone
Lymphoma (HCV) • CLL ... Organomegaly+↑RBC/plt ... Coagulopathy) SMZL: • AIHA ... • Coombs (-) hemolytic ... anemia due to cold
Elevated Globulin - Protein Gap (Total Protein - Albumin > 4)

Work-up of an Elevated Globulin Gap:
•
Albumin > 4) Work-up ... myeloma • Plasma cell ... Connective tissue disorders ... Thalassemia, Sickle cell ... anemia • Other
Solitary Cell Plasmacytoma

What?
• Plasma cell neoplasms can present as a single lesion (solitary plasmacytoma)
• In 3%
Biopsy: Solitary disorder ... tissue composed of monoclonal ... • No CRAB - no anemia ... Oncology #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Hematology