27 results
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Warm Antibody Autoimmune ... Hemolytic Anemia ... type ± C3d • Blood ... 2) LOOK FOR a cause ... #Autoimmune #Hemolytic
Causes of Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis
Inherited
 • Membrane
 • Internal
    - Hemoglobin
Causes of Hemolytic ... Anemia - Differential ... Membrane - Antibody ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #hematology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... anemia): ... hemoglobinuria (PNH ... differential #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Peripheral Blood Smear Analysis
Hypochromia
Megaloblastic Anemia
Schistocytes: Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (e.g. DIC, TTP, HUS)
Microspherocytes: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Sickled red
Peripheral Blood ... Microangiopathic hemolytic ... Microspherocytes: Autoimmune ... hemolytic anemia ... Smear #Analysis #hematology
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Causes of Extravascular ... Cold AIHA • Alloimmune ... • PCH • PNH ... anemia • ... #Hematology
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
-100): • Non-hemolytic ... , CKD • Hemolytic ... PK, HbC, HbSS, PNH ... - Extrinsic: Autoimmune ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Inflammatory and Autoimmune ... hemoglobinuria • Antibody-mediated ... hemolysis Nutritional ... Differential #Diagnosis #Hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Red Blood Cell ( ... disease, McLeod blood ... hemolytic anemia ... hemolytic anemia ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Diagnosis for Hemolytic ... Anemia Intrinsic ... #Anemia #Differential ... #classification ... #hematology
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
the peripheral blood ... Retroperitoneal, Uterine • Hemolysis ... : Autoimmune, Microangiopathic ... hemolytic anemia ... Production #Index #hematology