80 results
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... anemia): ... hemoglobinuria (PNH ... differential #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Hemolytic Anemia ... 2) LOOK FOR a cause ... #Hemolytic #Anemia ... #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #rheumatology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia (AIHA) - ... Cold Agglutinin Disease ... #Hemolytic #Anemia ... Diagnosis #Table #hematology
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Causes of Extravascular ... Cold AIHA • Alloimmune ... • PCH • PNH ... anemia • ... #Hematology
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... esp if severe disease ... #Hemolytic #Anemia ... AIHA #Treatment #management ... #hematology
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
, CKD • Hemolytic ... PK, HbC, HbSS, PNH ... - Extrinsic: Autoimmune ... Non-megaloblastic: Liver disease ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
Peripheral Blood Smear Analysis
Hypochromia
Megaloblastic Anemia
Schistocytes: Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (e.g. DIC, TTP, HUS)
Microspherocytes: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Sickled red
Microangiopathic hemolytic ... Microspherocytes: Autoimmune ... hemolytic anemia ... cells: Sickle cell disease ... Smear #Analysis #hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... platelet decrease - PNH ... elliptocytosis, autoimmune ... #Anemia #Differential ... Algorithm #workup #hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
spherocytosis, Autoimmune ... hemolytic anemia ... Agglutinate: Cold autoimmune ... hemolytic anemia ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Membrane): - Autoimmune ... Drug-associated, PCH, Evans Syndrome ... , PNH 3) Internal ... Defects: Sickle cell anemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology