10 results
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Diagnosis- Compatible syndrome ... + MRI lesions + ... RingEnhancing #Lesions #Brain ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Non-inflammatory Causes ... affecting the Brain ... nervous system (CNS ... pachymeningitis • HIV ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI
Leigh Syndrome 
History: 19-month-old girl with hypotonia, developmental 
delay, failure to thrive, and bilateral optic disc
Leigh Syndrome ... patterns (this case ... #Clinical #MRI ... #Brain #Diagnosis ... #Radiology
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Pneumonia: • 3 syndromes ... of a "flu-like syndrome ... Lymphadenopathy, CNS ... factor • May cause ... fever, cough and cavitary
SAPHO Syndrome Summary

What?
SAPHO syndrome is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder of bone, joint, and skin characterized
blisters containing pus ... involve anterior chest ... Rule out other causes ... - MRI: inflammation ... #Rheumatology #
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
• Mounier-Kuhn syndrome ... Infection: TB, NTM, PNA ... dyskinesia • Young syndrome ... Physical stigmata of cor ... , CCP, ANCA • HIV
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) Infections 

Mycobacterial species other than those belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and
status NTM Cause ... : • Syndrome of ... mucogenicum • HIV ... Advanced HIV (CD4 ... Hematologic malignancy
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome ... oligoclonal bands • MRI ... tract, and often causes ... vasculitis • Behcet syndrome ... vasculitis • Cogan syndrome
Cryptococcal meningitis on T2 MRI
30 M from sub-Saharan Africa presents w/ progressive Headache x1 mo, +neck
Cryptococcal meningitis, hiv ... ) HIV-infected ... Nausea & vomiting ... #Brain #clinical ... #radiology
Authors: Mark M. Ramzy, DO, EMT-P (@MarkRamzyDO, EM Resident Physician, Drexel University, Department of Emergency Medicine)
x-ray (CXR), try ... pattern that your brain ... not seen on a CXR ... Most commonly caused ... #Radiology #CTChest