9 results
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... acute HF → no signs ... of CXR congestion
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
to limbs (esp legs ... friction rub audible Lungs ... effusion on CXR ... cause interstitial lung ... pathophysiology #signs
Local Anaesthetic Toxicity - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Signs of severe toxicity:
 • Sudden alteration in
Signs of severe ... ensure adequate lung ... Start continuous CPR ... Anaesthetic #Toxicity #Anesthesiology ... Checklist #Diagnosis #Management
High Central Neuraxial Block - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
• Can occur with deliberate or accidental
CPR may be ... that may mimic signs ... Neuraxial #Block #Anesthesiology ... #Anesthesia #Intraoperative ... Checklist #Diagnosis #Management
Intraoperative Anaphylaxis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
• Unexplained hypotension
• Unexplained bronchospasm (wheeze may be absent
of more of the signs ... Elevate patient’s legs ... arrest, start CPR ... #Anaphylaxis #Anesthesiology ... Checklist #Diagnosis #Management
Cardiac Tamponade - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Caused by an accumulation of blood, pus, effusion fluid
indicated, start CPR ... examination and vital signs ... Plan definitive management ... Cardiac #Tamponade #Anesthesiology ... Checklist #Diagnosis #Management
Malignant Hyperthermia Crisis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Unexplained increase in ETCO2 AND tachycardia AND increased
rise is a late sign ... hyperventilate lungs ... Hyperthermia #Crisis #Anesthesiology ... #Anesthesia #Intraoperative ... Checklist #Diagnosis #Management
Stage III - Alveolar edema
This stage is characterized by continued fluid leakage into the interstitium, which
position Obstructive lung ... leakage into the less ... diseased areas of the lung ... The following signs ... Clinical #Radiology #CXR
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Diagnosis and Management ... granulomas within the lungs ... e.g. incidental CXR ... Sarcoidosis #Diagnosis #Management ... #Signs #Symptoms