12 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential Diagnosis ... of hypokalemia starts ... tubular acidosis (type ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology #potassium
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
- Diagnostic of ... - Up to 3 per high-power ... - Any type of renal ... brown cast” - Necrotic ... #nephrology #casts
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
group of disorders caused ... formed or don’t work ... Pinpoint-sized red spots ... Workup: • Complete ... #diagnosis #hematology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Spot PC (protein ... infections are common causes ... cryoglobulinemias (types ... glomerular #testing #workup ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... Failure • SLE • Type ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
complements and a high ... Differential Diagnosis ... Kikuchi disease • Type-I ... • Malar rash - spares ... Erythematosus #Diagnosis
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Spot PC (protein ... cryoglobulinemias (types ... glomerular #disease #workup ... #diagnosis #initial ... #testing #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... Failure • SLE • Type ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
(Wallenberg's syndrome ... symptoms most common type ... Syndrome usually ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Causes of ST Segment Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Framework

STEMI:
 • Upsloping convex STE: "Pardee's sign" +
Causes of ST Segment ... - Differential Diagnosis ... QT, high QRS voltage ... Other Causes ... Post-cardioversion • Acute aortic