405 results
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
O2 is inspired) PAO2 ... hypoxia) - Low PaO2 ... Low SvO2 → Low PaO2 ... Low SvO2 → Low PaO2 ... summary #pulmonary #differential
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
A-a gradient = PAO2 ... - PaO2 A-a gradient ... /0.8)] - PaO2 Simplified ... /0.8)] - PaO2 Normal ... Hypoxia #hypoxemia #differential
Hypoxemia vs Hypoxia
Hypoxemia - Partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) is below normal
Hypoxia - Insufficient oxygen
arterial oxygen (PaO2 ... compensate for low PaO2 ... hypoxia #hypoxemia #differential ... #diagnosis #comparison
ABG vs VBG: Arterial vs Venous Blood Gases

ABG
PROS: Tells you exactly what the arterial environment looks
looks like (pH, PaCO2 ... #Correlation #Comparison ... #pH #pCO2 #Diagnosis
Comparison of Causes of Salt-Wasting in Infancy
 - PHA 1
 - PHA 3
 - 21-OH CAH
Comparison of Causes ... Wasting #Infancy #Comparison ... #Causes #differential ... diagnosis #pediatrics #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... 35-45 mmHg • PaO2 ... acidosis Step 5 - Differential ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... Base #Gas #VBG #differential
Oxygen Saturation - Measurement Techniques and Limitations
 • Sp02 - Cutaneous pulse oximeter
 • SaO2 Calculated
pulse oximeter • SaO2 ... ABG device • SaO2 ... pulmonary #diagnosis #comparison
Acid Base Disorders Worksheet

Step 1: Gather the necessary data (Na+, CI-, HCO3-, PH, pCO2). Preferably, all
CI-, HCO3-, PH, pCO2 ... 3: Look at the pCO2 ... . 3a: If pCO2 ... diagnoses using the differentials ... Worksheet #diagnosis #differential
Spectrum of Glomerular Diseases
Nephrotic - Mechanism:
 • Injury to podocytes
 • Changed architecture: Scanning. Deposition of
Glomerular #Diseases #differential ... spectrum #diagnosis #nephrology ... nephritic #nephrotic #comparison
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acidemia (pH < 7.35)
 • Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 < 24mmol/L) CO2
Acid-Base Disorders - Differential ... Respiratory Acidosis (pCO2 ... Respiratory Alkalosis (pCO2 ... AcidBase #Disorders #Differential