11 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
- Gitelman ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Low # ... Magnesium #Table ... #Workup #hypomg
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Alkalosis - Differential ... loop/thiazide) • Hypomagnesemia ... • Barrter's/Gitelman's ... Licorice • Liddle's Syndrome ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
- Metabolic Alkalosis ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
• Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... , Hypomagnesemia ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... diagnosis
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... #Nephrology #Causes
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Alkalosis: Differential ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... other • Severe potassium ... Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
and Management ... - Endocrine: Hypo ... Monitor potassium ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
3 questions to work ... Measure urine osmolality ... demyelination syndrome ... severe/refractory hypoNa ... #management #nephrology