9 results
Hoffmann's Reflex on Physical Exam
The Hoffmann's reflex itself involves loosely holding the middle finger and flicking
A positive response ... A positive Hoffmann ... are not useful signs ... #Sign #PhysicalExam ... clinical #neurology #UMN
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
and LMN signs in ... Increased Jaw Jerk reflex ... and LMN signs to ... and LMN signs on ... EMG: LMN Signs in
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
• Vestibulo-ocular ... previous gaze position ... myoclonic movements, tremors ... • Examine for signs ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
signs (Hyperreflexia ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
DIAGNOSTICS
Paracentesis: 
 • Calculate absolute PMN count (total WBC x PMN %)
 • Correct
same as culture-positive ... bacterascites positive ... Treat if other signs ... SBP #diagnosis #management ... #prophylaxis #treatment
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
More Specific Signs ... abdominojugular, reflux ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... acute HF → no signs
Pheochromocytoma - Diagnosis and Management Summary
10 percent rule = 10% of pheochromocytomas are extra-adrenal, multiple, bilateral,
Symptoms and Signs ... palpitations, tremor ... common symptoms and signs ... hypotension (may reflect ... #treatment
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
Skin lesions • Positive ... Arthritis, AS Treatment ... interferon alfa, or tumor ... Syndrome #diagnosis #management ... #signs #symptoms
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
Spasticity - Reflexes ... • Bilateral signs ... Enhancement - TM and tumor ... Transverse Myelitis Treatment ... Myelitis #diagnosis #management