10 results
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Diabetes Insipidus Workup ... Management #Algorithm #Sodium ... #nephrology #insipidus
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Workup ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Metabolic alkalosis ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... settings, the urine sodium ... the excretion of sodium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential ... Framework and Workup ... NonAnionGap #Acidosis #Metabolic ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #nephrology
Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Type A: Impaired O2 Delivery (DO2)
 • Decreased O2 Delivery: Hypotension
Lactic Acidosis - Differential ... Beta-Agonists, ↑ work ... toxic alcohols, Sodium ... Inborn Errors of Metabolism ... Lactic #Acidosis #Differential
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Weakness - Differential ... Radiation • Metabolic ... Hypothyroid • Metabolic ... dystrophies Work ... #Diagnosis #neurology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
3 questions to work ... approach to the differential ... #Hyponatremia #Differential ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Primary Polydipsia
Definition: Excessive volitional water intake
Epidemiology:
 • 6-20% of patients with psychiatric disorders - Most commonly
diabetes insipidus Differential ... intoxication Initial Workup ... Urine Osm, Serum Sodium ... , Urine Sodium ... diagnosis #management #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology