21 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... glomerular bleeding (proteinuria ... if cause not identified ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Workup #urology
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... Hematuria Important ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... , proteinuria suggest ... #EM #IM #Urology
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
the patient has hematuria ... and/or proteinuria ... (RBC casts or dysmorphic ... Syndrome #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... Algorithm Persistent ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Diagnosis Framework ... → Diagnostic of ... Brown urine - Proteinuria ... #causes #urology ... #nephrology #renal
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
syndrome—due to GBM ... hematuria. ... RBC casts in urine ... Proteinuria often ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Red ... nephrotic range) proteinuria ... #Algorithm #Causes
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... eosinophiluria, microscopic hematuria ... , mild tubular proteinuria ... Nephritis #AIN #Algorithm ... #nephrology #diagnosis
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... PCR 50% sensitive ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #radiology ... #neurology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Algorithm - Approach ... Cytomegalovirus; GBM ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... Hematuria may be ... #syndrome #nephrology