11 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... Brown urine - Proteinuria ... Causes of Hematuria ... #Differential # ... #urology #nephrology
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... , proteinuria suggest ... intrinsic renal ... prostatic) #Diagnosis #EM
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Dyspnea, Fever, Hematuria ... symptomatology Differential ... • Urinalysis (proteinuria ... anti-ANCA ab, anti-GBM ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
: (AKI, proteinuria ... , hematuria) • ... recent DAN) • EMG/NCS ... Goodpasture's cause ... grade proteinuria
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
PCR 50% sensitive ... granulomatosis: • EBV-associated ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Approach to the differential ... Cytomegalovirus; GBM ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... Hematuria may be ... nephrotic #syndrome #nephrology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... Demyelinating disease caused ... effect/Edema • EBV ... #Infections #differential ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... Bacterial Meningitis - Differential ... virus • CMV • EBV ... Singh @rav7ks #CNS ... #diagnosis #neurology
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
permanent alopecia Differential ... (non-nephrotic proteinuria ... , hematuria) • ... and CNS • Headache ... APLA/LAC: • Renal
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
multiplex • Hematuria ... , proteinuria, rapidly ... pulmonary and renal ... tract, and often causes ... • Urinalysis (Renal