68 results
differential causes algorithm hyponatremia hypokalemia low potassium management workup neurology treatment comparison hypernatremia alkalosis metabolic pathophysiology hypomagnesemia classification gitelman high
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome ... , Loop diuretics ... Classification #Features #Diagnosis ... #Comparison #Table ... #Nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Inadequate water intake: • Lack of access to water Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Osmotic diuresis ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Hypovolemic: Diuretics ... , Cushing syndrome ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
: SIADH, Renal Sodium ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium ... #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism Decreased GI Uptake - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Loop and thiazide diuretics ... Post-obstructive diuresis ... - Hungry bones syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Low #Magnesium #Table
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
, Bartter's syndrome ... use), Gitelman's syndrome ... excess and related syndromes ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Mechanisms of nephron damage in cardiorenal syndrome • Increased renal interstitial pressure • Hypoperfusion • Reduced
in cardiorenal syndrome ... hypertrophy • Sodium ... activities • Diuretic ... #cardiorenal #syndrome ... pathophysiology #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome ... • Diagnosis of ... and nephrotic syndrome ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia Hypokalemia - Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment -
overdose) - Sodium ... foscarnet - Diuretics ... renal Fanconi syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology #Causes
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... , Medications (diuretics ... Hyponatremia #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
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