13 results
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
syndromes such as ... Signs and symptoms ... resonance imaging [MRI ... objective evidence of neurologic ... #management #neurology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Compatible syndrome + MRI ... lesions • 80% with lung ... nodules, may also ... #causes #radiology ... #neurology
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
pathognomonic signs ... /symptoms or echo ... Autoimmune (SLE/APLS ... heart valves • MRI ... cerebral emboli: Multiple
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
epidural hematoma • Infection ... suspected, immediate MRI ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #symptoms #signs
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
history of viral infection ... Long symptom-free ... Multiple sclerosis ... signs or symptoms ... #differential #diagnosis
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
brainstem and multiple ... of UMN and LMN signs ... fasciculations Common Symptoms ... MRI: Brain, cervical ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
CNS Infection in ... - Differential Diagnosis ... cells per μL • Diagnosis ... radiographic features • Multiple ... Imaging: - MRI
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
Direct microbial infection ... • Bilateral signs ... and/or symptoms ... suggestive of multiple ... #management #neurology
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Presentation: Systemic Symptoms ... purpura: Strong sign ... • Progressive symptoms ... oligoclonal bands • MRI ... , recent viral infection
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
with systemic, neurologic ... systemic sx + signs ... vasculitis vs infection ... GCA #Temporal #Signs ... #Symptoms #Diagnosis