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diagnosis differential management nephrology algorithm high hypokalemia pharmacology comparison medications binders classification clinical low orthopedics physicalexam rhabdomyolysis binding carpi diuresis
Causes of Hyperkalemia Hyperkalemia is caused by excess potassium intake, impaired potassium excretion, or transcellular shifts. The
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... is caused by excess ... potassium intake ... , impaired potassium ... transcellular shifts
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 Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm • Increased Intake • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Excretion (IV potassium ... Transcellular Shift ... #Hyperkalemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options Stabilize cardiac membrane: • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes) Decrease potassium concentration: • IV Fluids Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... minutes) Decrease potassium ... • IV Fluids Shift ... potassium intracellularly ... LouLectures #Hyperkalemia
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Increased Loss - Increased GI Loss - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Transcellular Shift ... Refeeding Syndrome #Hypokalemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low
Hyperkalemia Management Algorithm • Treat the cause & optimize hemodynamics and ventilation • Reconsider treatment leadingto
• Treat the cause ... • Reconsider treatment ... and parenteral potassium ... Intracellular K+ Shift ... #potassium #high
Emergency Management of Hyperkalemia in Adults Assess Patient - Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure (ABCDE) Approach •
Management of Hyperkalemia ... mmol/L - Consider cause ... Gluconate IV Shift ... Prevention - Consider cause ... of hyperkalaemia
Medications for the Treatment of Hyperkalemia The goals of acute treatment are to prevent potentially life-threatening cardiac
Medications for the Treatment ... goals of acute treatment ... disturbances, shift ... , and Table 3 summarizes ... #Treatment
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 Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma): • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Potassium-Binding ... constipation, diarrhea, nausea ... ); nausea, vomiting ... of aspiration #Potassium ... #pharmacology #table
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm • IV calcium • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt • Consider
Hyperkalemia - Management ... Dialysis Serum potassium ... blocks, QRS axis shift ... #potassium #high ... management #algorithm #treatment
Causes of Hypokalemia Hypokalemia results from abnormal losses, transcellular shifts, or insufficient intake (Table 1).6–8 Abnormal losses
Causes of Hypokalemia ... transcellular shifts ... insufficient intake (Table ... significantly lower potassium ... rarely the sole cause
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