12 results
Pivot-Shift Test in ACL-deficient Knee

This patient has pathologic varus alignment across the knee and a chronic
Pivot-Shift Test ... be performing a high-tibial ... dr.dold.md #Pivot #Shift ... #PivotShift #test ... #ACL #Knee #Injury
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
patients with hypokalemia ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... : Hypokalemic periodic ... ↑ Aldosterone: Kidney ... urine #potassium #differential
Pivot Shift test for Knee Instability

The patient lies supine while the examiner grasps the leg by
Pivot Shift test ... Injury. ... #PivotShift #test ... #ACL #Knee #Injury ... PhysicalExam #Sports #Orthopedics
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... • Trauma/Crush injury ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... Intracellular Shift
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... phlebotomy High ... • Trauma/Crush injury ... • NSAIDs • ACE ... Intracellular Shift
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... • LDH ↑ • Hyperkalemia ... Shift of extracellular ... nephrotoxicity to kidney ... Rhabdomyolysis #Differential
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Acidosis Causes of High-anion ... Chronic progressive kidney ... ACE-Is and ARBs ... Metabolic #Acidosis #differential
Webber Ankle Injury Classification

A: In a Supination-Adduction injury the fibula breaks first, with a fracture below
Webber Ankle Injury ... the talus can shift ... and easy way to differentiate ... They arealmost all ... #Diagnosis #Orthopedics
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
extracellular shift ... neuromuscular injury ... injury F. ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #High
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Heat Stroke - Differential ... sweat Heat Injury ... involvement: Muscles, Kidneys ... High body temperatures ... - Hyperkalemia