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diagnosis algorithm hypokalemia causes management alkalosis hyponatremia metabolic treatment chloride gitelman hypernatremia hypotonic low physiologic rhabdomyolysis table urinary workup
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... excess, Liddle syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #potassium #differential ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
, Gitelman syndrome ... sodium is typically ... and potassium acid ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Algorithm 1) Check Urine ... , Cushing syndrome ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Hypokalemia - Differential ... of hypokalemia starts ... #hypokalemia #differential ... algorithm #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Hypocalciuria (spot ... urine, calcium-creatinine ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential ... volume contracted: urine ... other • Severe potassium ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
volume-based algorithm Urine ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Weakness - Dark urine ... hour with goal urine ... Monitor potassium ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
approach to the differential ... Measure urine osmolality ... demyelination syndrome ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium
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