46 results
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Workup Step #1 ... history Step #2 ... Uglucose Step #3 ... & desmopressin test
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... discontinued) 3. ... secreting tumor 3. ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
- Differential ... discrete buckets: 1. ... (low intake) 2. ... transcellular shift) 3. ... #workup #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential ... acidosis (type 1 ... of 2), Ureterosigmoidostomy ... , Diabetic ketoacidosis ... #nephrology #potassium
Romberg's Test for Proprioception
History: First described in the 19th century in patients with tabes dorsalis (later
to perform: 1) ... with eyes open 2) ... Observe when patient closes ... the eyes 3) Observe ... #neurology #diagnosis
Diabetes Insipidus - Diagnosis Algorithm
Tests:
 • Osmolality, Urine AND/OR
 • Osmolality, Serum or Plasma AND
 •
Diabetes Insipidus ... Osmolality, Urine 1- ... 2 hrs post administration ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential
Gerstmann Syndrome
1) Finger agnosia - Inability to name their own fingers, affecting both sides
2) Right-left confusion
Gerstmann Syndrome 1) ... affecting both sides 2) ... - Inability to differentiate ... affecting both sides 3) ... : Stroke (main cause
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Interpretation: 1. ... 3. ... mmol/L Step 1 ... Ketoacidosis (starvation, diabetic ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Ascites - Diagnostic Approach and Differential Diagnosis
The most common causes: cirrhosis, malignancy and heart failure. Approx
The most common causes ... more than one cause ... of ascites. 2) ... incisional). 3) ... Routine tests:
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Ketoacidosis: Diabetic ... Proximal RTA (type 2) ... 2. ... Metabolic #Acidosis #differential ... #nephrology