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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – ARDS: Clinical Cheat Sheet

An acute diffuse, inflammatory lung injury, leading to
leading to increased pulmonary ... edema must be present ... be detected on CT ... or CXR ● PaO2/ ... the underlying cause
Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework

NCPE Pathophysiology:
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema occurs because of excessive pulmonary capillary
Causes include: ... ischemic changes CXR ... distress syndrome (ARDS ... Transfusion-related acute lung ... #diagnosis #cardiology
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
without other cause ... heart failure, positive ... fluid balance, and CXR ... with pulmonary ... edema) • Fever
Hampton hump is a radiologic sign which consists of a shallow wedge-shaped opacity in the periphery
periphery of the lung ... hump along may aid ... In this case, pulmonary ... confirmed with chest CT ... #photo #CXR #EmergencyMedicine
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
Infection in HIV / AIDS ... Antimicrobial treatment ... enhancement on CT ... and <25% culture positive ... opportunistic #InfectiousDiseases
Stage III - Alveolar edema
This stage is characterized by continued fluid leakage into the interstitium, which
Obstructive lung ... After treatment ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Alveolar ... #Pulmonary #Edema
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
, verrucous) - Lung ... Cerebral > Splenic, Pulmonary ... nodes • Roth’s spots ... hematuria, + RF Treatment ... #infectiousdiseases
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
yeast • At risk: AIDS ... Inhalation of spores ... change in the lungs ... infection have positive ... ) #Mycoses #InfectiousDiseases
Authors: Mark M. Ramzy, DO, EMT-P (@MarkRamzyDO, EM Resident Physician, Drexel University, Department of Emergency Medicine)
Pertinent positives ... a chest x-ray (CXR ... not seen on a CXR ... #Radiology #CTChest ... #Lung #Pulmonary