15 results
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
For pituitary masses ... the following order ... This order (with ... Headaches • Nausea ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
hyalinization causes ... red-brown coloured -> Copper ... BRB breakdown causes ... disc arterioles causes ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology
The Effect of Zinc on the Enteral Absorption of Copper. Panel A shows how copper (Cu)
Absorption of Copper ... Panel A shows how copper ... how zinc (Zn) causes ... #Pathophysiology
Schizophrenia: Pathogenesis and Symptoms
Increased dopaminergic transmission in mesolimbic projection
-> Dopaminergic neurons here project into the limbic
is thought to cause ... into the cerebral cortex ... is thought to cause ... Schizophrenia #pathophysiology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... pulse rate - Core ... with exercise - Core ... Criteria: - Core ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Alexia Without Agraphia
Alexia without agraphia is a disconnection syndrome where patients cannot read but can write.
the most common cause ... Pathophysiology: ... non-dominant visual cortex ... neurology #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases ... Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... cardiomyopathy, Horner
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
: • 1400 new cases ... monophasic Pathophysiology ... Vitamin B12 and copper ... • Infectious causes ... Vitamin B12, E, D, copper
Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
OPHTHALMIC EMERGENCY: Early detection is essential, but most patients
• Significant cause ... most frequent cause ... obstruction • Corneal ... ClosedAngle #Glaucoma #pathophysiology
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
Through lateral cortex ... hearing loss, nausea ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology