20 results
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
similar to PML, but MRI ... Diagnosis: MRI ... The clinical syndrome ... #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Hepatitis • HIV ... Pulmonary Disease Neurologic ... Depression • Multiple Sclerosis ... • Somatization Disorder ... Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
• Or brainstem syndromes ... impairment, Mood disorder ... resonance imaging [MRI ... • Acute: - IV ... #diagnosis #management
Blurry Vision - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Anatomical Approach to Eye Disease:
1. Lids/Lashes
2. Extraocular Muscles/Motility
3. Conjunctiva/Sclera
4. Cornea
5. Anterior
- Differential Diagnosis ... Endophthalmitis • Scleritis ... • Sjögren’s syndrome ... optic disk • HIV ... disorder causing
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... Non-neuromuscular disorder ... parainfluenza, Coxsackie, HIV ... EMG) studies • MRI ... #neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
/ AIDS - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Suspect in movement disorders ... Imaging: - MRI ... #AIDS #opportunistic
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Summary Acute AIDP ... Campylobacter jejuni - HIV ... axonal form • MRI ... #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Differential Diagnosis ... cord infarct • HIV ... Imaging studies: • MRI ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
bouts of HTN Diagnostic ... suggestive of multiple sclerosis ... : - Multiple sclerosis ... simplex virus, HIV ... #management #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Spinal Cord Disorders ... - Differential Diagnosis ... , HIV, CMV, HTLV ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... #diagnosis #neurology